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Developing Global Leaders

January 24th, 2012 by Steve Barry

Five years ago, we projected the business and leadership challenges of 2012.

One trend that caught my eye was Bridging Divides;  people of different cultures, geographies, and organizations working together as a cohesive unit. As multinational corporations seek growth in new geographies, many try to standardize practices in regions overseas that are derived from, and are successful in, their own culture.  A 2007 Conference Board study, “Painting with Two Brushes,” revealed why this is a risky approach:

97.2 percent of Western leaders, as compared to 70.6 percent of leaders from Asia-based Asian companies, find leadership skills transferable between different geographies. Similarly, 68 percent of Western leaders, compared to 91 percent of leaders of Asia-based Asian companies, feel global business leadership differs from business leadership due to managing culturally diverse people and operations.

This naturally begs the question, “What do good global leaders do?”   Two Swedish professors answered the call.  In their recent Harvard Business Review article, they illustrated qualities successful global leaders must possess, based on discussions with 30 CEOs. The overarching principles the professors discovered included establishing a higher purpose to make employees feel emotionally engaged and inspire them to work hard and respond to local communities to become a valued insider. They also found creating an internal social fabric enabling good collaboration across borders and levels contributed to leaders’ success. Additionally, from their discussions with the CEOs, the professors outlined common characteristics such as reliability, having high expectations, communication and team building that drove success.

While leaders themselves enrich their global skills, the U.S. remains the leading country in global innovation. The GE Global Innovation Barometer, which surveys nearly 3,000 U.S. and foreign business executives about innovation, published its most recently rankings last week and put the U.S. as a top country in innovation. Experts, however, wondered how long the U.S. would remain at the top. According to survey findings, factors such as continued deterioration of education, federal cutbacks in R&D funding and the ongoing loss off high-tech manufacturing jobs to nations with lower cost structures prompted concerns that the high honors might not remain for long.

Even as the U.S. continues to set the pace for innovation, one of the world’s top photography brands succumbed last week. New York-based Kodak Jan. 19 filed for bankruptcy, but experts say a new strategic trend called “convergences” could have saved the company. As a FORTUNE piece details, convergences “gives leaders a deeper sense of the interdependencies that connect firms, products, systems and services in new ecosystems.” It tests old notions to generate new ideas and uses visualization technologies to reveal emergences of new opportunities. Perhaps an offshoot of the ‘bridging divides’ trend, this seems to have the potential to show companies their next big growth opportunity.

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Leadership Development: Present Challenges, Future Thoughts

March 28th, 2011 by Steve Barry

Wouldn’t it be great if a Harvard grad student studied the future of leadership development, and then shared the findings with you?

We had that privilege last Friday, when New Zealander Nick Petrie joined us in Boston. Like most Kiwis I’ve met, Nick has a sparkle in his eye and is mad about rugby. In fact, Nick toured the world as a professional rugby player. He then started up a corporate training business, which he put on hold to research these three questions: Read the rest of this entry »

Strategy Execution Around the Globe: Similarities and Differences

December 22nd, 2010 by Ed Boswell

In this recent blog post, we examined some of the challenges to achieving strategic clarity, unity, and agility in China. In this video, Ed Boswell,  co-author of Strategic Speed, shares his observations on his recent trip around the world. Ed discussed strategy execution with senior leaders in Asia, India, and the Middle East, and found some interesting similarities and differences.

Ed Boswell – Global Differences from Forum Corporation on Vimeo.

Click the link above to view the video. Also, our email subscribers may have missed last week’s post, Seven Trends in Selling for 2011.

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Executing Strategy in China

December 8th, 2010 by Tom Atkinson

Do Chinese executives approach strategy execution differently than executives in the West?  Do cultural differences create a diverse set of challenges?

Along with my Forum colleague Steve Barry, I recently had an opportunity to find out.  We led a series of workshops on Strategic Speed for the top 100 leaders of a Chinese airline.  These leaders came to the United States eager to learn best practices in leadership.

Our research on Strategic Speed led us to suspect that speed of strategy execution would be as much of an issue in China as in the rest of the world.  In fact, we found that almost 90 percent of executives in our global survey rated speed of execution as critical to sustaining their business success, yet less than half viewed their companies as speedy.  We found these “speed gaps” consistently across industry, geography, type of company, and business strategy.

Our research found that strategic speed is largely a leadership challenge, and the leader’s role is to create an environment characterized by three “people factors”:

  • Clarity:  People understand the company’s strategic priorities and how they apply to daily actions and decisions.
  • Unity:  People work smoothly across organizational boundaries toward common goals.
  • Agility:  People are responsive to changes in the environment, and they adapt accordingly, rather than sticking to a rigid plan.

It was fascinating to listen (through interpreters) to the Chinese airline’s executives wrestling with how to leverage these three people factors.  The executives agreed that they are vital in driving strategic speed, but, just as in other companies and cultures, they can be difficult to leverage effectively.  The executives also gave examples of ways they have addressed the following challenges in order to increase strategic speed:

  • In a culture known for “top-down” management, how do you engage people in discussions of strategy so that everyone is clear on the direction?
  • How do you encourage people to bridge organizational boundaries (and reward them for doing so) when they formerly were focused on maximizing unit performance?
  • How can you foster agility by asking people to point out changes in the environment, when asking them to do so is itself a radical change?

Regarding clarity: One executive pointed out that, compared to American leaders, Chinese leaders tend to be more indirect in their communication with employees.  The dilemma she manages is respecting the culture in which her employees feel comfortable, while creating sufficient clarity of direction to enable them to move with speed rather than working at cross-purposes.

Regarding unity: Another leader mentioned that, while it’s important that people be united, it’s critical that they be united in relation to the company’s strategic goal.  He said that harmony is a key value in Chinese culture; people tend to go along with the mainstream, and they hesitate to voice different opinions.  This tendency to “go with the flow” could engender a unity that doesn’t favor the company’s speed.

And regarding agility: Several leaders noted that Chinese employees are sometimes reluctant to identify problems in executing plans, for fear of bringing bad news to their managers.  They discussed ways in which they might make the business environment more conducive to sharing information and learning from experience—both positive and negative.

What challenges do you face in achieving Strategic Speed in your company?  To quickly assess your strengths and opportunities, complete our online assessment.

Lessons in Leadership: Clarity, Unity, and Agility at Gettysburg

November 18th, 2010 by David Carder

Cannons and muskets cut the sky like staccato thunder.  Artillery whistled into the Union ranks, seemingly from all angles, and took a heavy toll.  Acrid smoke stung the soldiers’ noses and burned their eyes.  Through the haze, Lt. Col. Joshua Chamberlain spotted the rocky profile of Little Round Top, a hill that commanded a strategic view of the entire battlefield at Gettysburg.  Chamberlain knew he must seize and defend that rocky hill at all costs, or risk being flanked and crushed by General Lee.  Losing the hill would mean losing the battle, the Civil War, and likely, their lives.

In July 1863, Little Round Top proved to be a critical turning point for the Union soldiers.  In October 2010, the craggy hill was the site of a pivotal and emotional event for a select team of leaders.

After massive changes to the U.S. health-care system, leaders at a global health-care organization found themselves at risk.  The changes threatened the organization’s fiscal health and the viability of its operating model.  In response, the leaders created a fundamentally new strategy.  Now, it was up to them to drive it.

The leaders knew it would not be easy.  Not only is U.S. health care a rapidly changing “battlefield,” but 80 percent of the leaders themselves had moved into new roles after a recent reorganization.  The company retained Forum to equip the leaders to navigate individual and organizational transitions, rally around the new strategy, and drive the business forward.

Forum’s Strategic Speed model of clarity, unity, and agility served as an overall developmental framework.  The organization’s multi-phased experience featured a blend of intensive executive coaching and targeted working sessions.  As a powerful capstone to the development experience, top executives and high-potential leaders trekked to the battlefields of Gettysburg.

Treading the sodden earth of the battlefields, where so many gave up their lives for a cause greater than themselves, the executives took a more measured perspective on their challenges.  Their trials faded in the context of the lives lost in battle.  At the same time, the weight of their leadership, and the immediacy of its impact, expanded in light of their “feeling” the battle of Gettysburg from the inside out.

As the executives stood on the rocks of Little Round Top, they had no trouble viewing the lessons of the Civil War leaders through the lens of the Strategic Speed framework:

  • Clarity:  The Union forces focused on a critical few objectives, one of which was “seizing the high ground.”  Though no Union general gave direct orders to seize the hill, Chamberlain acted quickly and with clarity.
  • Unity: Only the ability of Chamberlain’s forces to hold the line and stay in tight formation around the top of the hill ensured their success.
  • Agility:  The Union forces improvised strategies to hold their position, responding to unforeseen threats from the Confederates and choosing the optimum moment to charge down the hill, when their forces were nearly depleted.

Chamberlain closed the battle of Gettysburg with a courageous, dramatic bayonet charge down the hill to successfully disperse the Confederate forces.  I have no doubt that the executives of the health-care organization, though they are waging a different kind of battle in a different kind of haze and ambiguity, are now well equipped to take the bold and strategic actions required of them.

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“Time Between Plays” and Learning on the Job

November 11th, 2010 by Vivien Price

I’m a Brit, and, though relatively new to the sport, I am also an ardent NFL follower. The league games consume my attention on Sundays and Monday nights. I love the mix of strategy and action and the crescendo in the great games where it all boils down to the last 2-minute drill.  Then it’s over. Press conferences rake over the keys to success/reasons for defeat  with key players from both the winning and losing sides. And then the teams go away to get ready for the next game.

Like others, I enjoy making connections between the world of football and the world of business.  The pace of activity for knowledge workers in corporations may not match the intensity that an NFL quarterback and his team experiences in the heat of a game, but there are parallels.  These include the decision making challenges,  the ability to improvise and adapt opportunity to improvise when a well designed play starts pear shaped, and the ability to learn on the job as part of the work, not separate from it.

On this last point, teams take advantage of something many corporate workers neglect: using “time between plays” as learning opportunities.    After each play in football, the coaching staff reflects on what just happened, considers the field position, the time lefts in the game, the capabilities of his team, and how these players match up to the opposition.  In a short space of time the coordinators have actively reflected and decided on what to do next, the next play is called.  The teams line up, the ball is snapped, and intense, focused action ensues.

The focus on learning on the job through the “time between plays” correlates with what Forum identifies as the ability to connect action and learning in a continuous cycle, one of six Principles of Workplace Learning.  In my daily work, my “plays” are meetings.  And my “time between plays” are times for reflection. Generally these moments hurried at best, non existent at worst.

Building on some of the strategies outlined in Forum’s new book, Forum’s Principles of Workplace Learning: A Guidebook for Advancing Performance in Today’s Workplace, I’ve been focusing on getting more effective at my “time between plays.”  In order to be deliberate about the need for reflection time, I wrap up 60-minute meetings in 50 minutes. The 10 minutes I get are for reflecting on what happened in the previous meeting, what worked and what didn’t and the actions needed, as well as thinking ahead to the upcoming meeting. By taking these 10 minutes and being mindful about how I spend them, I keep ahead in the game of the day. The “time between plays” does not replace more significant reflection time (e.g. After Action Reviews, Quarterly Reviews).

Give it a go: find some reflection time between “your plays” or action time at work.  Try it for a week. And at the end of the week you can look back and decide if you won or lost as a result of finding time between plays. For more strategies for integrating learning into your work and improving your business results, please visit our new microsite dedicated to workplace learning, which gives more information on all six principles.

The Neuroscience of Leadership and Speed

November 2nd, 2010 by forumcorp

“The brain is a wonderful organ. It starts working the moment you get up in the morning and does not stop until you get into the office.” – Robert Frost

Harvard neuroscientist, Dr. Srini Pillay, recently sat down with us to discuss the things that slow us down at work, and tactics for how to overcome them.

Insights in this video include simple strategies to:

  • Overcome chronic anxiety, escape paralysis, and move forward at work
  • Improvise and adapt to change
  • Tap into, and act upon, your intuition as a tool to handle business complexity

Also, check out the condensed transcription of the interview below.

How to Gain Competitive Advantage: Two CEO’s Share Their Secrets

September 27th, 2010 by Ed Boswell

A few years back, I had dinner with Sergio Marchionne, an executive sponsor of a leadership program I was facilitating for the Switzerland-based company Alusuisse-Lonza.

Marchionne always made it a point to come to as many senior manager sessions as possible to meet with participants.

He is now CEO of Fiat S.p.A., the Italian automotive group that runs American carmaker Chrysler. Naturally, the recent Fortune article on Marchionne, Chrysler’s Speed Merchant, caught my attention. Would it portray the leader I remembered: smart, decisive, and driven? What are his leadership beliefs about strategic speed?

Marchionne believes that his competitive advantage is speed. Yet, as Alex Taylor III, the author of the article, points out, “speed has been a cornerstone of management theory for two decades.” So, what is Marchionne doing differently? I don’t think it is his 24/7 Blackberry habit—he carries six of them with him while traveling! (That may increase urgency for some leaders, but it seems like it might leave them little time for uninterrupted strategic thinking. And it surely is not sustainable for most of them.)

Marchionne thinks about speed more strategically, believing that “by wiping out layers of management and making decisions more quickly, he’ll get closer to the market and bring out new models faster than his slower-moving rivals.” This practice worked well when he took over the struggling Fiat brand. Marchionne is confident that it will work again at Chrysler.

Chrysler-Fiat’s plans for rapid market-share gain hinge on creating clarity, unity, and agility throughout the organization. Marchionne focuses on clarity of strategy, values, and decision rights, seeking “unifying architectures” to improve scale and increase engagement. He also reduces internal demands (for example, meetings and reports) so that people can focus their attention on shifting marketplace demands and respond with agility.

Clarity, unity, and agility: These are the same “people factors” we found in our research on speed of strategy execution.

Marchionne is strikingly similar to another CEO whom I interviewed for our Strategic Speed book, Vittorio Colao of Vodafone Group Plc. Colao can also point to a sterling track record of business growth. (Vodafone has become famous for the speed of its growth, mainly through acquisition.) And, like Marchionne, Colao believes firmly in the symbiotic relationship of people and speed of business growth.

When I shared our finding that the people factors are a big part of the speed equation (Speed = Pace, Process, and People), Colao agreed: “The three key words for us are speed, simplicity, and trust—which in a way correspond to pace, process, and people. Pace is the pure speed element. Process is something you have to pay attention to in a large company, but it’s something you need to simplify as much as possible. Then there’s people, which we’d put under the ‘trust’ category, because, if you want people to move fast and simplify processes, the key is to inject a high degree of trust.”

In fact, Colao’s thirst for speed and simplicity continues to make headlines.   (See this recent Wall Street Journal article, Vodafone CEO Pushes to Untangle Giant, and click here for a video on Financial Times’ website.)  It’s fascinating to see these two leaders in very different industries both seek speed that involves a similar belief in people. As Colao says, “From time to time … you need to take away committees and go back to the core of individual accountability and teamwork.”  Colao believes that Vodafone executes more quickly than when when he took over in 2008, and their stock is up 20% since May.  As for Fiat-Chrysler, it will be interesting to see whether they can make significant leaps in quality and innovation, once they pull out of turnaround mode. I wouldn’t bet against Marchionne, that’s for certain.

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How to Accelerate Strategy Execution: New Podcast

September 24th, 2010 by forumcorp

Jocelyn Davis, co-author of Strategic Speed: Mobilize People, Accelerate Execution, was recently interviewed by MindTools.  Click here for the podcast, The Right Kind of Speed.

Though Jocelyn has been interviewed several times now, each time she shares new insights. In this podcast, Jocelyn shares:

  • Fresh thoughts on how to measure speed of strategy execution
  • How (and why!) we spent 7 hours with a client outlining a stakeholder map
  • Ideas on how to lower to the water in the system to see, and avoid, the rocks

So, if you listen to podcasts on your commute, or over coffee on Sunday mornings, enjoy this one: The Right Kind of Speed.

Forum’s Leadership Challenges Index: What Are Your Rankings?

September 14th, 2010 by Steve Barry

In this inaugural version of Forum’s Leadership Challenges Index, we look for trends in the ways organizations are aligning and mobilizing their people to attain business results.

To see the trends, we tagged each of our requests for work from clients or prospective clients in the first half of 2010 as relating to one of eight business issues.  We then ranked the issues in order of frequency of requests (1 = most frequent, 8 = least frequent).  In addition, we ranked the number of clicks on each of the eight business issues on forum.com (1 = most clicks, 8 = fewest clicks) for the same period.  Interestingly, the clicks and requests rankings were nearly identical—which indicates some themes in organizational approach and interest.

Results:

Business Issue Client Requests (Rank) Web Site Traffic (Rank) Composite Rank
Restart growth by increasing leader bench strength 1 2 1.5
Reduce time to value and increase value over time by accelerating execution 5 1 3
Gain a competitive edge with an aligned, differentiated global sales model 4 3 3.5
Grow revenue and profits by creating a loyalty-building customer experience 3 4 3.5
Deliver on a key strategy by aligning organizational culture 2 5 3.5
Drive profits in commoditized markets by selling value over price 6 6 6
Grow your business by developing and retaining strategic accounts 7 7 7
Uncover opportunities and gain efficiencies by creating a one-firm firm 8 8 8

This is not a scientific study, and our marketing activities likely swayed some of the outcomes.  (At least, I hope they did!)  Specifically, with the release of our book Strategic Speed, it stands to reason that the accelerating execution challenge would top the site traffic chart.  However, the other challenges received roughly equal love and attention from marketing and show remarkable symmetry.  The Index provides a high-level snapshot of challenges facing leaders.

Three headlines jump out for me:

1. Leadership development, which waned as a concern in 2008-09, has returned.  Big time. In fact, there were three times the number of client requests relating to this business issue as there were requests relating to the issue of the next greatest concern.  Opportunity costs have grown too high to ignore today.  Several of our clients are focusing on the Strategic Speed model of clarity, unity, and agility as a development chassis to help their leaders handle personal and organizational transitions, accelerate execution, and capture market opportunities.

2. Sales gets aligned. Value-based selling and strategic account development can be successful aspects of a sales strategy.  Yet, their importance pales in relation to the importance of creating a clear, compelling sales and marketing strategy.  Sales leaders who create such a strategy are able to translate it into sales-force deployment decisions and align interrelated components of execution.  The result is a sales force that is equipped to consistently find, win, and keep customers.

3. Outside-in trumps inside-out. Prospective and existing customers favor a superior experience over a focus on organizational efficiencies or cultural alignment.  Although there is often a strong collaborative culture at the core of a superior customer experience, this could signal a tipping point.   Organizations have stripped many costs out of their business—perhaps few efficiency plays remain?

How would you rank these issues?  Which are most important to making your 2011 a success?